Basic Git Commands (Demo)
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Video Transcription
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>> Hey there Cybrarians and welcome back to
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the Linux Plus course here at the Cybrary,
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I'm your instructor Rob Goelz.
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In today's lesson, we're going to talk
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about basic Git commands.
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Upon completion of this lesson,
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you are going to be able to connect
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a project to a remote Git repository,
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as well as understand the commands that you're
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going to use most frequently in Git,
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and use the commands Git clone,
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commit, push, and pull.
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A remote repository just provides
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hosting of Git projects
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that we have locally on our system,
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and there are a lot of different options
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to choose from for Git hosting.
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We see a few of those over on the right-hand side.
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Make sure to research
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the different Git hosting providers.
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Most don't charge for basic hosting,
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but if you have large-scale projects,
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they probably will charge for that,
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and some only provide
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public repositories and then charge for private repos.
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If you have information that is
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projects that are large
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or information that you want to be private,
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make sure you research the hosting provider
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and what they actually allow you to do.
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Now in this module, we're going to use
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GitHub and we'll set that up in our demo.
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Once we've established our Git environment
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and we have a remote repository setup,
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we can start using some Git commands.
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There's just a general four-step process
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for using version control with Git.
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First we create and modify program files.
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Two, we go ahead and we add those files to
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a staging area using the git add command.
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Then we do a git commit and we commit
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the files to a local repository with the message,
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and finally we push the files from
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the local repository to
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a remote repository using git push.
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Let's take a look at all of this with some demo time.
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Here we are back in our demo environment,
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and if we haven't set up an account on GitHub yet,
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we can go ahead and do that by clicking on Sign up.
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It'll take us to this page where
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we can put in our username,
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email address and password,
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verify your account and then we'll be all good to go.
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In this case I've already done so,
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I'm just going to go ahead and click on
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Sign in with my account.
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Once you're signed in,
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on the left-hand side,
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you can click on "Create repository."
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Once you've created your first repository,
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you can also see that from up here where
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it shows you new repository.
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I'm just going to create
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this repository and I'm going to call it bash-scripts.
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Then what I can do is I could give it
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a description, I'm not going to bother,
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I'm also going to leave it public because I don't have
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anything too top-secret here.
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I'm just going to go ahead and add a README file,
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and I'll hit Create repository.
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Now we see that this is created,
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it has a README file which is pretty
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blank and nothing else in it.
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Now what we can do is we can get
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this repository clone down to our machine locally.
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I'm just going to highlight this and hit Copy,
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and I'm going to go back over to our Bash shell.
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Now what I'm going to do is I'm
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going to make sure that I'm in
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my user home directory where
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I am, present home directory.
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Present working directory is user home
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in my case home rob,
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and what we're going to do is we're
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going to do a git clone.
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We'll do git clone,
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and we're going to clone
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https://github.com/Goelzindustries/bash-scripts.git,
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and we'll see that that has been done.
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Now if I do an ls in my home directory,
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I see this bash-scripts directory that's there.
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I can do an ls on that or an ls-al on bash-scripts,
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and I can see all the contents of this.
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Right now it just has that.git
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file or.git directory rather,
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which is going to have
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all the version control information
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locally for my system,
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and that README file, which is the only thing that
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we have here so far.
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Let's go ahead and add some
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files into our scripts folder.
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For example, let's copy everything out of bin.
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I'd copy home/rob/binstar,
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and I'm going to copy that into
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home/rob/bash-scripting or bash-scripts rather.
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Oh, sorry, we're going to do
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A copy-r to make sure we get all that information.
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Now if we look at our directory again, if we do an ls,
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we can see that we have inside of bash-scripts,
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we have our bin file and we have the README file.
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Now what we can do is we can go ahead and add all
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that to our staging area by using the git add command.
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First let's navigate into bash-scripts,
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and now let's run the git add command,
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so git add star.
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Now if we run git status,
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we're going to see that we're on branch main
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and our branch is up-to-date with origin/main,
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but we need to do a commit because we have a new file,
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we have something in our bin directory called loops.sh.
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What we can do is we can run a commit.
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All of our files have been stored in
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the index so we need to commit it now.
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We could do git commit-m and
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the general commit we always
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start with is initial commit,
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then I say add existing bash-scripts.
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I'm having a little trouble
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spelling bash, sorry. There we go.
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Now if we run git status,
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we'll see that we're on branch
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main and everything has been committed.
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Nothing to commit, our working tree is clean.
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Great, we're good to go. But what do we do now?
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Now we have stuff on our machine locally that we
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don't have up in our remote repo.
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What we can do is we can run the git push command.
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Now we have to put in our username and password,
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so I'm going to put in instructor@goelzind.com
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and I'll put in the password and hit Enter.
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It's going to go ahead and push
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that information up to GitHub.
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Now if I go back to GitHub
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and I hit Refresh on this page,
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we'll see that we also have the bin directory and
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>> inside this bin directory we have a loops.sh file.
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>> We're good to go. Now, if we want to,
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we can also modify the README file.
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We can modify a file on
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the remote repo for some reason and we can
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get it down to
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the local repo with git pull. Let's do that.
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Let's go back to our bash-scripts here and
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we're going to modify the README file,
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and we're going to see that won't change locally.
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We can go in here and we can just
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change this and we can say,
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bash-scripts made a change.
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Then we can go ahead and down here we can just
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commit these changes directly to the main branch,
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and we see that this change is made.
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Now if we go back down to
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our system and we do an ls on README,
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we see that it just has README.md.
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If we do a less on this,
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we see that it just has that
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bash-scripts at the bottom of it.
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What we can do now is we can do a git pull.
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Now it's going to go ahead and fast
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forward and pull down information.
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If we do a less on README again,
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now we see that it shows that made a change.
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We modify that README and pulled it down locally.
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With that, in this lesson,
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we covered connecting a project
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to a remote Git repository,
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we talked about the commands and processes you
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will use most frequently in Git.
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Then we use the Git commands, git clone,
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git add, git commit,
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git push and git pull.
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Thanks so much for being here and I look
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forward to seeing you in the next lesson.
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