PCI Device Bus (Demo)
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Video Transcription
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>> Hey Cybrarians. Welcome back to
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the Linux plus course here at Cybrary.
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I'm your instructor Rob Goelz.
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In today's lesson, we're going to be
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covering the PCI device bus.
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Upon completion of today's lesson,
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you're going to be able to understand
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the Peripheral Component Interconnect
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or PCI standard in Linux,
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you're going to be able to explain the different types of
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devices that may use the PCI bus,
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and then also we're going to use
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the lspci command later in a demo to list PCI devices.
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The Peripheral Component Interconnect
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or PCI standard was developed in
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1993 and this is for
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connecting adapter boards to motherboards.
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The bus supports 32-bit or
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64-bit addressing and PCIe
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is the current standard as PCI Express.
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PCIe 5.0 was released in 2019 and
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can deliver 4.0 gigabits per second of data transfer.
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Now PCI limits buses to 256 per system,
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but each bus can hold 32 devices.
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Again, I don't know what systems these are
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that have all of these devices, but that is awesome.
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The PCI bus is hierarchical and starts at the top bus.
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You will always see it start with the number 0.
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Now PCI adapters can support a lot of
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different device types:
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graphics cards and audio cards for one thing.
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Graphics cards are the most common use of
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PCIe on desktop environments.
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Then audio cards are sometimes
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also used for high-quality sound or
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surround sound output and they
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generally will use PCIe as well.
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Internal and external hard drives,
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things like SATA and SCSI storage
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often use PCI to connect
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with the system or to join
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disk together in a RAID configuration.
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Now external hard drives not supported by
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an on-board motherboard header use PCI,
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as do high-speed storage with fiber channel HBAs.
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Then finally, network cards,
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high-speed network connections and
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wireless cards also use the PCI bus.
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Now remember this, the lspci command is
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used to list PCI devices on a Linux system.
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By default, the format of
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the lspci command is Bus:Device:Function,
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then class, and then finally vendor name.
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We can get a lot more verbose output from lspci by adding
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a -v or a -vv to the end of it.
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Let's see this command in action with some demo time.
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Here we are in our demo environment again,
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we're in Ubuntu for this.
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Let's first of all just run
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lspci and see the default output.
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Then we can see all of the PCI devices
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that are running on the system.
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As we did with USB,
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let's see this in a tree or hierarchical view.
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We can do that with lspci-t. Then we can see the layout.
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Again, this always starts from zero,
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zero and then it goes down from there.
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How about a more detailed tree view?
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Well, we can do an lspci-tv,
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just like we did with USB.
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Then we can see some information about what's actually
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running on all these spots.
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If we want to see a more detailed view without the tree,
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let's do an lspci-v. Let's clear our screen first.
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That's a lot of information. More detail?
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Why not. We'll do an lspci-vv
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and now we've got even more information.
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We can also see the kernel modules
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that are in use by the devices.
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This is pretty cool. We can do an lspci-k for
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kernel and we'll see the kernel modules
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that are in use for each one of the devices.
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With that, we've reached the end of this lesson.
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In this lesson, we covered
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the Peripheral Component Interconnect
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or PCI standard in Linux.
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Then we talked about the types of
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devices that are sometimes used,
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they're using PCI, the adapters that use PCI and PCIe.
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Then we also used the lspci command
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in our demo to display PCI devices.
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Thanks so much for being here and I look
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forward to seeing you in the next lesson.
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