IPv6 Intro
Video Activity
IPv6 Intro Our next lesson introduces the concept of hex decimals which is used for IPv6 or Internet Protocol version 6. You'll learn the numeric-alpha hex decimal nomenclature, how to represent numbers greater than 9, how to correctly write down an 128 bit address and why 8 fields are needed. You'll learn the importance of 4 bits and what they rep...
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Time
29 hours 18 minutes
Difficulty
Intermediate
Video Description
IPv6 Intro Our next lesson introduces the concept of hex decimals which is used for IPv6 or Internet Protocol version 6. You'll learn the numeric-alpha hex decimal nomenclature, how to represent numbers greater than 9, how to correctly write down an 128 bit address and why 8 fields are needed. You'll learn the importance of 4 bits and what they represent, what the rules are to shortening IPv6 addresses, and why this is the standard.
Video Transcription
00:04
The next topic of discussion
00:06
is Internet Protocol version six or I. P v six.
00:11
Ah, lot of people are intimidated by PB six because it is written in hex a decimal.
00:16
If you remember, our hex numbers
00:18
go from one,
00:20
29123456789 and then a through F, which is a B C D E f.
00:28
So instead of saying 10
00:31
the number 10 is represented by an A because it comes right after nine inaccessible, so in hacks. If I were to write them out, you go from one through nine and then, eh
00:44
throughout
00:45
for the number 10. Since it comes right after nine, the number 10 is represented by an A in hex, a decibel.
00:54
Now people are intimidated by PB six, I assure you, it is nothing to be afraid off except for the tedious typing required to type out of lengthy or address.
01:03
And we will simplify it.
01:04
And I B B six address is
01:07
128 bit address, written in eight fields of 16 bits, each separated by a colon.
01:14
What does that mean? Over Let's write down an I P V C six address.
01:18
So 2000
01:19
two
01:22
Cole And let's make this easy on us by picking zero's a lot of zeroes.
01:26
0000
01:29
0000 So eight fields of 16 bits
01:34
each. So I need eight of these fields, which are separated by a colon,
01:38
then call in 000 a
01:44
colon. 0000 colon 0000 So 123456
01:53
colon 0000
01:57
holen.
02:00
Let's see
02:01
01 to be
02:06
So this represents an I P. V six address, and it looks really long and it looks really complicated, but it's it's really not.
02:15
Now
02:15
remember that each hex character
02:19
is four bits,
02:22
so each hex character represents reach. Hex number or letter represents four bits.
02:29
So if each fields have four has four of these characters, you get a total
02:36
of
02:38
16
02:40
minutes.
02:43
If you add up 16 times eight you yet
02:47
128
02:50
this
02:53
now would you have to type or right in this hole
02:57
mess of numbers and letters every time.
03:00
The answer is no.
03:00
There are rules to shortening
03:04
I P v six addresses rules for shortening i p v six addresses. The first rule is leading. Zeros may be omitted so you can leave out the leading zeros
03:22
within a field
03:23
and
03:24
ah, field 2nd 1 says successive. Feels off. All zeros may be represented
03:36
by a double colon, but only once leading zeros maybe omitted and successive fields of all zeros may be represented by a double colon.
03:49
But only once. Let's see what happens to this address I have written down. Once I applied these rules
03:54
becomes a lot easier.
03:57
I have 2002 then I have two successive fields of zeroes here.
04:02
Can I make these
04:04
into a double Colin? Just represent them by a double colon. Of course I can
04:10
Cool it,
04:11
colon.
04:13
So these two fields are taken. Care off now.
04:15
000 A
04:17
leading zeros maybe omitted. These 1st 3 zeros can be considered leading zeros,
04:24
so I can admit them.
04:27
And I can simply say
04:30
then Colin again.
04:32
Now I have four zeros in a row.
04:35
I have three successive fields of zeros. Cannot turn these into a double colon.
04:41
Well, the rules, said successive feels off. All zeros may be represented by a double colon, but only once. And I've already used up a double colon, so I can't use the double Colin again.
04:51
Best second do is
04:54
is this a leading zero? Yes, it is for this one. This a leading zero? Yes, it is. For this zero is this is leading to know. Yes, it is for this zero. This last year was not a leading zero because it does not have a zero to the right off it.
05:06
So the 1st 3 zeros are leading zeros. So I can omit the 1st 3 and right zero on colon
05:14
again for the 1st 3 zeros because they're leading zero
05:18
again. Omit the 1st 3 zeros because they're leading again just to a zero last zero off each of these fields I wrote down here,
05:29
then zero want to be. I can write us one to be after admitting the leading zero.
05:36
I can also shorten this address as
05:42
2002.
05:45
This time I'm gonna use the double Colin hair instead of hair.
05:49
So I'm gonna just omit the 1st 3 leading zeros. Say colon zero.
05:55
Then again, omit the 1st 3 leading zero said colon
06:00
zero.
06:01
Then you admit the 1st 3 leading zero in front of the eh? So Sekula
06:08
a
06:10
then these three fields
06:12
I can represent
06:14
by Double Colon.
06:18
And then the last field. I can see
06:21
one to be after meeting the first leading zero.
06:26
Now, both of these are valid shortenings for this I p v six address.
06:31
Both of these are valid shortenings for this I p v six address.
06:36
Now can I tell where how many fields of zeroes are gonna be
06:42
where these double Coghlan's recite? Well, I have a total of 123456 fields, which means
06:48
these two these this double colon represents two fields of zeros to give me a total of eight fields
06:56
or looking at the bottom 112345 I have five field, which means these two double Collins represent three additional fields of double off successive zeros.
07:09
So both these
07:11
are valid shortenings for this I p v six address. Now
07:15
we have seen how to short and I p v six addresses.
07:19
How about the I P V six sub net mask? Well, I p v six sub net mask works exactly like the I P Fi four sub net Master
07:29
But instead of written out in hacks, thank God it is on Lee represented
07:34
in
07:35
the slash format or the cider notation.
07:39
So let's say that this address has a slash 64 mask, which means the 1st 4 fields 16 plus 16 16 16 or 64 bits
07:48
belong to
07:50
the network.
07:53
If I were to write out the network address and the network and dress just the network address
07:59
in I. P. V six is called the prefix,
08:01
or the sub net Mask is called the Prefix, which equates to the network address because it tells you how many bits in the I P V six address belongs to the network.
08:11
And remember, it works exactly the same as an I. P V four sub net mask.
08:16
This network address would translate to
08:20
2002
08:22
cooling.
08:24
Now I can't use a Colin Colin here
08:26
because if you look at a night PV four address 1 51 01 45.10 And let's say this was a slash 24.
08:35
If I asked you for the network address, what did you do? 1 51 01 45.0 slash 24. You set all the network bits through zero
08:46
in the same way. If I'm going to set all the network bits to zero after a all these four field. 00000000000001 to be field are to be set to zero, then I cannot use the double Colin hair, for it has to be used
09:03
for my host address
09:05
or my host portion off my TV six address.
09:09
So I say, 2002
09:11
Colin zero commit the 1st 3 zeros, the leading zeros again. Zero I omitted the 1st 3 leading zeros
09:22
and Colin A, then Coghlan Coghlan,
09:26
setting the host portion of the I. P. V six address to zero
09:31
slash 60
09:33
four.
09:35
Next, we're going to explore the I P V six
09:39
you I address format.
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