File System Mounting (Demo)
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Video Transcription
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>> Hello Cybrarians and welcome
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back to the Linux plus course.
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Here at Cybrary, I'm
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your instructor Rob Goelz and in today's lesson,
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we're going to discuss mounting file systems.
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Upon completion of today's lesson,
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you are going to be able to use the commands
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mount and umount to
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mount and unmount file systems respectively,
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and we're going to understand how
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to find information about
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those mounted file systems using
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proc mounts and the etc mtab directories.
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Now that we know how to create a file system,
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but how do we go ahead and access that?
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How do we write to it?
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How do we see the files that are on
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the file system or put
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files on the file system we created?
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The process for making a file system
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available for use is called mounting a file system.
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How do we do this? Well,
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let's find out with some demo time.
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Here we are over in
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our CentOS machine and what we're going to do
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today is work on mounting some of
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these file systems that we
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created in the previous lesson.
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If we wanted to run
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the mount command to mount something,
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we can run mount and then do
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a grep to see what is mounted on the system.
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If we were looking to see if there are
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any devices mounted,
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any of our normal devices,
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we could do a grep for SD.
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We see that we have things mounted.
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We have SDA1 and 2 and 5 mounted for
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the different file systems and
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directories that are already in use on this system,
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but we don't see our Dev SDB and SDC1 yet.
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Now without any options,
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the mount command will display
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all mounted file systems on
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this Linux system and
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you can see that's quite a bit of information.
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To explicitly mount a file system,
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we have to provide the file system
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a place to live, called a mount point.
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Since we were playing around with ext4 and xfs,
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let's go ahead and create some mount points with
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that name just to keep things consistent.
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What we'll do is we'll create some mount points here,
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and we'll create them in the directory
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mount and we'll call
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one ext4 and we'll call the other one xfs.
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Now we can just do an ls on mount and
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we should see we have ext4 and xfs.
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To mount our ext file system,
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which is the one that we created on Dev SDB1,
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we can run mount and then specify the device,
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the partition that has the file system Dev SDB1,
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and the place we want to mount it in,
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which is going to be ext4
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and hit "Enter" and now that it's been
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mounted we can do a mount command and do a grep for SD.
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We will see that we also have
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Dev SDB1 mounted on mount ext with type ext4.
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To mount our xfs file system,
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they look very similar.
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We're just going to run mount,
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Dev, SDC1,
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which is our xfs file system
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and we're going to melt that amount xfs
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file system and there we are, that is done.
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Now let's run the mount grep SD command again.
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We can see that we have SDB1
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>> and SDC1 both mounted there.
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>> That's one way we can see
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>> the newly mounted file system,
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>> but we can also see this information
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using the prof mouse directory,
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so let's run cat on the proc mounts
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file and we can see the output.
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That looks pretty similar to what we
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get when we run mount, right?
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Well, that's actually what a mount does,
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it just reads from the proc mounts directory
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when you're on the mount command.
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Now we can also look inside of the etc mtab files.
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We can do a cat on etc mtab.
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Let me clear the screen here so
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it's a little easier to see.
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When we do that, we can see that,
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proc mounts and etc mtab are
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identical and centralized just for reference
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but those are two places where you can find
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that information other than
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just running the mount command,
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you can cat proc mounts or etc mtab.
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What if we want to remove the file systems?
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Well, the first thing that we need to do is unmount
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them and we're going to do that
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>> using the umount command.
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>> Please note that there's only one n
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in the umount command,
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it's umount and not unmount.
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Oddly enough, you use umount for the unmount command.
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I've typed unmount by accident many times,
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please learn from my errors.
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Umount is the command you want to
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use to unmount a file system.
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This is done in order we
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can make sure that the file system is no
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longer in use by the OS or
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any users before we remove the file system.
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Let's go ahead and unmount or two
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file systems, how do we do that?
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Well, we run umount and we just specify the mount.
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We don't need to specify
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everything like we did in the previous command.
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We don't need to specify the device and the mount,
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we just specify the mount
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because that's what we're operating on.
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We're removing, we're unmounting from the mount point.
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When you mount on mount ext4 and that
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removes it and we're also going to do
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a umount on mount xfs,
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and now that mount has been removed.
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Notice that we're just using the mount name to unmount.
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Again, we don't use the device
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just a mount point itself.
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But with that being said we've
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come to the end of the lesson.
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In this lesson we discovered
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the mount and umount commands and went over how
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to use them and we also looked into how to
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view it from mount.
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We've reached the end of the lesson today and in
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this lesson we discussed the mount and umount
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commands and we also discussed
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how to view information about
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our mounted file systems by using
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proc mouse etc mtab and the mount command itself.
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Thank you so much for being here and I look
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forward to seeing you in our next lesson.
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