Build Tools
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Video Transcription
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>> Hey there Cybrarians and welcome back to
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the Linux plus course here at Cybrary,
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I'm your instructor Rob Goels.
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In today's lesson,
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we're going to be discussing Build Tools.
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Now upon completion of today's lesson,
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you're going to be able to understand
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the build tools topics that are going to
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be on the Linux plus exam.
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We're going to explain the purposes of
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the configure command, make command,
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make install command,
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and we'll talk about compilers
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as we go through this lesson.
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Now Linux software installation is
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generally just done through a package manager,
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whether it be DNF, Yammer app.
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But there are times when you're going to
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have to install software from source code.
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It could be because the software is just not
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available to the repository,
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is not in a repository where
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a package manager knows about it,
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or maybe the developer hasn't
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provided a package, or maybe,
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the software is something you
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want to customize and you want
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to do that through working through the source code.
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But those three topics
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are all good reasons why you might need to
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do a source install of the installation.
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Now the first thing is you're
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going to need to do when you're
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working with source code is extract it
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because generally source code comes
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as a tar or tgz file,
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and we covered that back earlier in this module.
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To extract a file using the tar command,
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you can use tar-xzvf of a tgz file.
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Really what that does is it extracts
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a tgz file by providing a z.
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Z tells that, that's a gz compressed tar file.
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Remember we talked about tgz files there,
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tar files that have been gzip
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compressed using the tar command.
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Instead of doing a "C" to create them,
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we do at "X" to extract and we
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provide Z to tell it as gzip compressed,
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we do a V to get
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a verbose output so we can
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see all of the stuff that's being extracted.
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We use f to specify the file name.
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Same thing for a tar file.
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That's just a regular tar files not compressed.
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We just take the z out and you say tar,
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xzvf and the filename,
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and that will extract the file.
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Now most source code packages
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have something called a configure script.
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Really that's just a command use set-up
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the installation files that we're going to
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use to compile the software.
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We can navigate the directory that we
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extracted in the previous slide there.
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We can run the configure command which
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is./configure to run that command.
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What it'll do is it's going to
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verify that the environment that
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the operating system we're running is
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compatible with the software we're trying to install,
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it makes sure that we have a compiler
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available and it creates a Makefile.
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Now that Makefile created is really important because
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it's used when we do compilation and other things.
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It's used to specialize the source code to
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the specific distribution or system that we're running.
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It's going to make sure that the application will
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run on the distro and it will run on the architecture.
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Generally for us it's X8664,
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but it can also maybe run other architectures.
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It just has to check and make sure.
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Once that's done, the next step
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is to use the make command and
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install the make command to call the compiler.
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What this does the make command calls the compiler.
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It tells the C or C++ compiler to read that make file
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then from that the compiler
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generates a compiled executable.
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Now that we have the executable we need to
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install it. All right, well, how do we do that?
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We use the make command again,
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but now we just use make install.
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What it'll do is it'll get
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the information from the Makefile,
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we created, and
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the application gets installed in the system.
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At this point, the application is ready to run.
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With that, in this lesson,
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we covered build tools that are going
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to be on the Linux plus exam.
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We talked about the installation steps
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of installing source code using tar,
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config, make and make install.
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Thanks so much for being here and I look
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forward to seeing you in our next lesson.
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