3.1 ESXi
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Video Transcription
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>> Welcome back to the Cybrary course
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in building your Infosec lab,
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I'm your host and instructor, Kevin Hernandez.
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Up to this point in this course,
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we have covered a broad scope of material.
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We started by looking at
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two different options for building our lab.
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First, we look at a cold lab,
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which consisted in having
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the technologies installed in order to
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familiarize yourself with the architecture
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and configuration of the source.
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This type of lab have the advantage of having
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lower resource requirements
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and having simpler configuration.
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In the other hand, we also look at a live system.
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This lab architecture will simulate tools
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to our incorporate environments.
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It will interconnect technologies while also provide
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us with features such as VPN, network segmentation,
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enhance security features offered
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at corporate level such as firewalls,
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web proxies, NPS to name a couple.
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Not only that, but you will also be able
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to keep a closer eye on what happens in
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your network and your LAN via the utilization
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of a security incident and event monitoring tool,
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or SIEM for short.
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These technologies I just mentioned
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cover a great portion of our lab.
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But we also look at options such as
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pen testing operating system, for example,
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Kali Linux as well a forensic based
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systems such as SIFT and Autopsy.
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All of these applications will
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be installed in our virtual lab,
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which will be hosted in
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VMWare ESXi which is free of cost
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>> for internal purposes.
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>> In fact, most, if not all of our tools mentioned in
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the lab will be free of
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cost or at least it's base features will be.
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Some of them will offer
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premium features such as Untangle web proxy.
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However, there are
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several options for tools for you to pick.
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Once we looked at the technologies
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>> considered in our lab,
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>> we started looking at the vendors that offer
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products in those technologies,
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and are like mentioned, free of charge.
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Some of this include IPFire,
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Untangle, and pfSense for our firewall technologies.
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Which also included enhanced features covered
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by our requirements of
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IPS or intrusion prevention systems,
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IDS, intrusion detection systems,
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as well as web proxies such as Squid.
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For SIEM, we looked
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at different technologies and vendors,
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such as IVMs curator,
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OSSIM from AlienVault,
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which is actually a part of AT&T,
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and Splunk free, which is Splunk.
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This require also some base operating systems
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in order to be installed.
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For example, curator requires CentOS version
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7.5 in order for
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it to be fully deployed in our environment.
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Based on the tools we gather the hardware requirements,
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we're also able to look
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at how many resources were
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required for us to build our lab.
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We look at several options when building the lab,
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such as buying a small form factor system
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or [inaudible] from eBay.
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For example we'll look at Dell,
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we'll look at the bricks and Intel NUCs,
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upgrading your current equipment by
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installing more RAM or
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buying a pre-built system from
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manufacturers sold in by retailers.
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You also have an option of building your own machine.
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We include a small guide in order for
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you to familiarize yourself with this highway.
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You should be able to download it below.
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This guide was created by one of
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our TAs Robin and all credit should go to him.
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We also learn about the VLANs and
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smart switches and the benefit
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these bring to our infrastructure.
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We will show you one particular unit that I
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personally purchase and installed to utilize in my lab.
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Lastly, we'll start preparing
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our hardware by formatting our drives and downloading
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tools to facilitate the installation of
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our software due to
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the lack of physical drives in our system.
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For example, we use a tool called Rufus,
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which will assist us particular
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in this first installation of ESXi.
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We'll get to see the tool in action shortly.
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Now in today's lesson,
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we will download and install ESXi. Let's get to it.
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Module 3, Lesson 1, installing ESXi.
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Now in today's lesson,
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we will discuss about getting ESXi.
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Now when we talk about ESXi,
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I'm referring to VMware's Hypervisor.
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This is basically what I would like to call
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a building block for different appliances.
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What I'm trying to say is
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that when it becomes harbor appliances,
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if you're looking to have a one-to-one replication,
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you will require a lot of hardware port in order to
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properly replicate an enterprise level security
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with different layers of security.
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However, when you have
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ESXi you can add multiple types of appliances.
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This is like your network level IPS,
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you can have your firewall,
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you can have your SIEM,
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your protection, your proxy,
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all of those in one simple solution,
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in one simple piece of hardware as
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long as your hardware requirements are met.
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What I'm trying to say is if you have
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a system that requires a lot of resources, let's say,
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such as SIEM and you're using a
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repurpose hardware such as
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a old laptop that only has four gigabytes of RAM.
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Most likely, you will need to put
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only that particular hardware appliance
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in this old laptop.
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You will not be able to put
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more tools in one location that does not support it.
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Again, if you're having a live system,
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it will require probably
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a lot of resource versus if you're
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using a offline or cold lab,
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then most likely you might be able to get away with it.
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Now, let's quickly search for ESXi,
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ESXi downloads here a storage.
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Here you can see download
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VMware vSphere Hypervisor for free.
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Let's click on that. In this scenario,
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I'm already logged in,
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you won't be able to see my email hopefully for now.
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But if I'm not careful enough,
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>> you will see my license so I
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>> need to make sure I write over that, and I did.
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When you get here, you're
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most likely come into here if you're not logged in.
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You will see this little camcorder type of icons.
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It's not an iPhone with a camera anymore.
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If you click on them, you can actually have a four and
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a half minute video on how
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to install and configure this appliance.
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Now in order to do this before
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>> installing or going crazy,
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>> you need to make sure you meet
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the hardware requirements that are set in place.
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This case, you can click on this little
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window and you can,
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for example, see here you
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can pick your different options,
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>> what type of appliance or hardware
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utilizing in the CPU series.
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Now, if you're not aware,
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for example, you saw Unit 6.7 updating result.
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You can see that most of these are server great CPUs.
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I guess when you're using this at
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our enterprise level that's most
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likely what you end up with.
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But I really doubt you'll have this,
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and it's not really required. How do I know?
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Because if you're very careful here
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>> and you look around,
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>> you can see different i3s,
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i5s, and i7 processor from Intel.
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If you're looking close into this,
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you're going to see a 4700 from Intel.
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Now I did a quick search on how old is the CPU.
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If we look here, it's quarter to 2013.
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We're looking at a CPU that's almost
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six years old and is there in that list.
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Now, that doesn't mean supports
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the current version of IEXSi,
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but is still means that it's considered at least
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in some of these versions are still supported.
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Taking that into consideration,
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don't disqualify or discredit it,
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any type of old resources
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just because it's not the one you have.
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Now, one thing you have to take into
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consideration is that if you're down here,
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you wouldn't see that you require
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a CPU series based on the release.
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But that's about it.
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It says, you have 20 sockets,
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20 cores for socket,
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24 source I'm sorry.
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But it doesn't tell you how much RAM,
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how much storage, etc.
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You will have to go into this page.
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I will provide you that link,
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to see how much exactly you need.
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Now, this is for 5.0 apparently, if you look in here.
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But in general, you have a very similar approach.
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Now, from our RAM perspective,
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you will search for RAM.
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You can see that you require a minimum of
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two gigs and a maximum of four,
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or recommend eight gigs, I'm sorry.
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When it comes to storage,
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it doesn't really tell you how much it is,
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but you'll go into
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that when you actually download the ISO.
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When it comes to CPU, it actually have
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a 32-bit and a 64-bit,
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and with at least two cores.
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That way if you have a system that
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has hyperthreading, a multicore processing,
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then you know you can actually limit or
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modify these parameters into
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properly assigning the value that's required.
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Now, let's go back to the installation site.
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That's we go here. You can actually
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go to license and download.
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Right here you can manually download the application.
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Now, right here, you see it's 311 megabytes.
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To be generous, we're going to round that
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up to the higher gigabyte.
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We're going to actually give it a little more space in
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order to properly document what we need.
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Right here, I have an associate.
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We're going to keep track of
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how much hardware we're going to
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need for each of these appliances.
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Here we're going to go, type of the app, minimum RAM,
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recommended RAM, storage, and solution.
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We also are going to need CPU cores, give or take.
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Now, for this application or appliance
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ESXi, minimum RAM is two, recommend RAM was eight.
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The storage, I said we're going to round it
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up to the one above it.
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Obviously this will grow us to
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install more appliances into it.
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The CPU cores is two.
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Now this we want to save and keep
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track as we look into further applications.
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Now I have already downloaded the ESXi application,
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we will be installing it shortly into our hardware.
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The first thing we're going to do
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is first to grab the USB,
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where we put the ESXi image and plug it in
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to the USB port in our system, as such.
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This is required to be
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done prior to booting up the system.
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Once you boot up, you have to be
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very careful and pay attention to
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the boot option keys and
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select a USB key from the selection.
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If you pay attention to the bottom left
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corner of your screen, you can see a countdown.
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This is basically the USB being written.
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After it finishes loading,
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you'll be presented with the following screen.
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Welcome VMware ESXi 6.7.0 installation.
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VMware installs on most systems,
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but only on those in
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the compatibility guide are supported.
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Then it provides you the link of such devices.
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Afterwards, you will be the
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>> end users license agreement.
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>> Scroll down and you should be able to go through it.
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It will start scanning for
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the available hard drives
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in order to perform the installation.
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In this case, as you notice,
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it doesn't take too long to identify.
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Here itself, it's our hard drive at solid state,
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that we're going to be utilizing.
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Select it and continue the installation as such.
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I had a prior installation to ESXi on my hard drive.
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In my scenario, I will overwrite the installation.
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However, in your case,
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you will be presented only with the option to install.
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Select your keyword layout,
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and select your root password
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and make sure you write it down somewhere.
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This is actually the recent. I'm reinstalling it.
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I forgot the password and I have to reinstall it.
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Now let's go ahead with installation.
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You should take a few minutes or so
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>> in order to install.
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>> Once installed, you'll be
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presented with the following screen as seen.
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Hit "Enter" to reboot the system as requested.
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You will see a little screen, that will be
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rebooting and make sure you
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>> remove the USB at this step.
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>> It will be not require anymore.
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Here's the system rebooting.
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You will see the little screen here
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with the IPs and all that information.
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You can see your computer model,
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your CPU, your RAM,
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and it will also show some services that it
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has loaded. What have we learned today?
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We basically utilize Rufus in order to
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convert our ISO into a portable USB.
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I utilize this USB in order to
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install ESXi within our system.
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We actually proceeded with the installation step
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by step up to the point where it was completed.
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In future lessons, we'll actually go
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over the exercise dashboards
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and we'll proceed in
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getting familiarized with the operating systems.
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Among those, we'll actually go ahead and activate ESXi,
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which we'll cover in our next lesson.
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Hope to see you soon. Have a great day.
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