Cloud+ Outline - Modules 5 and 6

Module 5: Virtualization SetupUnit Overview 

1. Hypervisor

Type 1 vs Type 2 Type 1

• Loaded as a core
• Virtual machines loaded on bare metal

 Type 2

• Operating system installed then VM loaded on OS
  • Both are controlled with a Hypervisor (ESX)

 Proprietary

• Company products only work with a company’s product
• MAC is proprietary
• Device will not work with any gear that is not made by
• Usually requires a license key or subscription

 Open Source

• Products work with many other products
• Linux is Open Source
• Device will work with almost any gear device
• Usually does not require a license key or subscription

 

2. Consumer vs Enterprise

 Consumer

• Use less operating systems in the network
• Does not support many users
• Uses type 2 hypervisor

 Enterprise

• Has more servers and operating systems in the network
• Created to support many users
• Uses type 1 hypervisor

 Virtualization Host

• Hardware-Assisted Virtualization
• Improves virtualizations
• Utilizes the hardware of the host PC
• Hyper-V
• VMWare
  • Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
  • Preloaded software from the manufacturer
  • Saved on chip attached to the motherboards
  • Used for a quick save of features on a computer w/o having to discover all settings
  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Used as the brain of a computer
  • More cores means more functions at a time
  • One virtual PC needs a core
  • Memory
  • Random Access Memory (RAM) quick access memory for the computer to use
  • RAM executes faster than a hard drive (about 17 GB a second vs 6 GB a second)
  • Fast and large RAM provides for a better virtualization host
  • Network Interface Cards (NICs)
  • Allows for a PC to access the LAN
  • Faster NICs give a faster transfer of data
  • NIC typically have a RJ-45 connector that allows the server to share out data to the other hosts

 Virtual Machine

• Virtual Disks
• A file that acts as a hard drive
• Most Virtual DIsks are in a VHD format
• The VHD size is determined when the files is created in a virtualization program
• Virtual NICs
• Used to simulate a NIC for the Virtual Machine
• Functions as a physical NIC for the machine
• All components are logical
• A Virtual NIC is needed for each virtual machine
• Virtual Switches
• Functions as a regular switch
• Allows the user to control packets and traffic in the virtual environment
• Gives isolation of network switch
• External
• Internal
• Memory
• Virtual Machine can only use memory that is available on the host
• Size is set during the build but can be changed at a later time if needed
• If the host machine does not have enough memory the virtual machine cannot start
• Storage Virtualization
• Cluster of hard drive used at a central location
• The cluster of drives are grouped together for a pool of resources for the network
• Each cluster has a NIC that allows for multiple host or virtual machines to connect to the storage

Storage Area Network (SAN)

• Guest Tools
• Type II addition that allows for additional functions to the virtual experience
• Modifies the performance of the VM
• Provisioning
• Thin-provision
• Uses only what is needed
• Small device that functions as a PC
• Thick-provision
• Uses all resources
• A fixed size on the virtual disk

 Module SummaryDescribed HypervisorDescribed Virtualization HostDescribed Virtual Machine  Module 6: VirtualizationUnit OverviewBenefits of VirtualizationShared ResourcesThe cloud provider can provide resources as needed to the customerSharing resources over the cloud provides better efficiency while reducing costs.ElasticityTerm used to give the customer resources looselyA resource pooling is provided that serves multiple cloud customersGives the customer what they need when they needCost savings abilityIsolationSeparation of resourcesSeparates traffic to a particular networkApplications isolation is used to separate the program so that it operates separatelyInfrastructure ConsolidationConsolidating many virtual computers on a single hostUses less power and fewer administrative functionsAllows a company to use less hardware which reduces costs MigrationsTemplates

• Baselines of a computer or computer’s resources to start a VM
• Templates provide a set of steps to deploy a fully functioning computer

 Virtual to Virtual (V2V)

• Migrates a virtual server to a virtual server
• The OS, data and programs are migrated to the new VMs
• Can be automated

 Physical to Virtual (P2V)

• Migrates a physical server to a virtual server
• The OS, data and programs are migrated to the new VMs

Virtual to Physical (V2P)

• Migrates a virtual server to a physical server
• The OS, data and programs are migrated to the new physical server
• Requires special tools to migrate
• Mainly used for testing
• Some application cannot perform on VM, V2P relieves this

 VM Cloning

• Create copies of the VM
• Used to make copies of a machine
• Clones can be identical allowing many copies of the same machine.

Migration Considerations

• Upgrading
• Host OS will need to be upgraded

Guest tools

• VM or Hyper-V might need upgrade

Requirements

• Research OS before moving VM
• Monitor machine before migration begins
• Clean the system up before migration

Maintenance

• Plan maintenance before migration
• Have downtime before migration
• Have a plan to migrate, milestones

Testing

• Perform test before and after the VM migration is performed
• Network settings and configuration should be tested
• Backups need to be tested before and after the migration
• Reboot the VM and server several times

Unit SummaryDescribed Benefits of VirtualizationDescribed MigrationsDescribed Migration Considerations